In a ring topology network computers are connected by a single loop of cable, the data signals travel around the loop in one direction, passing through each computer. Ring topology is an active topology because each computer repeats (boosts) the signal before passing it on to the next computer.
One method of transmitting data around a ring is called token passing. The token is passed from computer to computer until it gets to a computer that has data to send.
If there is a line break, or if you are adding or removing a device anywhere in the ring this will bring down the network. In an effort to provide a solution to this problem, some network implementations (such as FDDI) support the use of a double-ring. If the primary ring breaks, or a device fails, the secondary ring can be used as a backup.
Advantages
· Data is quickly transferred without a ‘bottle neck’
· The transmission of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction only.
· Adding additional nodes has very little impact on bandwidth
· It prevents network collisions because of the media access method or architecture required.
Disadvantages
· Because all stations are wired together, to add a station you must shut down the network temporarily.
· It is difficult to troubleshoot the ring.
· Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient Therefore this makes it slower.
· If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken and data cannot be transmitted successfully.
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